An opposition aspect is a major aspect. It occurs when a [planet + planet] or [planet + chart point (house cusp, angle, etc.)], or multiple planets/points oppose one another on the chart. They are in opposite degrees and opposing signs, but the same modality. They are separate by 180°, half of the natal chart.
Major aspects are typically considered forming/fading within a 10° radius, or “orb”, for planets and house cusps, and 1-2° for minor aspects and relating to asteroids and fixed stars. An aspect is “exact” when it is right on the exact aspect degree, or with a 0° radius, or orb.
Natal Chart
Oppositions are considered in the natal chart, as a fixed positioning. An exchange between planets and points that plays out in the personality through our whole life.
Examples are:
n Neptune opposition n Mercury
Transits
Oppositions are also considered in transits, the currently shifting planets around their orbits, and how they meet-up, or aspect/exchange mathematically with our natal planets.
Examples are:
tr Pluto opposition n Sun
Tension Harmonic of 1/2
Opposition aspects are considered to be significant in that they are an opposing or polarizing force between the two energies involved. They create a tension, as a string that is being pulled equally on either side. They activate the planets, houses and signs that they are present within. Oppositions have the second loudest harmonic. The lower the denominator, the louder or bigger the impact of the aspect. If we look at the denominator as 12, equal to 12 houses, a conjunction is reduces to a 1/2 harmonic.